Vocabulary - Food and Cooking

 

TYPES OF FOOD

Seafood: Food from the sea, like fish and shrimp.
Example: “I love eating seafood like salmon and shrimp.”

Dairy: Food made from milk, like cheese and yogurt.
Example: “Milk and butter are dairy products.”

Grains: Small, hard seeds like rice, wheat, and oats.
Example: “Bread is made from grains like wheat.”

Legumes: Plants with seeds in pods, like beans and lentils.
Example: “Lentils and chickpeas are legumes.”

Spices: Powders or seeds used to add flavor to food, like pepper or cinnamon.
Example: “I add spices like cumin to my soup.”

Herbs: Plants used to add flavor to food, like basil or parsley.
Example: “I use herbs like cilantro in my cooking.”

 

COOKING METHODS

Bake: To cook food in an oven using dry heat.
Example: “I bake cookies in the oven.”

Boil: To cook food in very hot water.
Example: “I boil potatoes to make mashed potatoes.”

Fry: To cook food in hot oil.
Example: “I fry eggs for breakfast.”

Grill: To cook food on a metal frame over fire.
Example: “We grill burgers in the summer.”

Steam: To cook food using hot steam.
Example: “I steam vegetables to keep them healthy.”

Roast: To cook food in an oven or over a fire for a long time.
Example: “We roast chicken for dinner.”

Stir-fry: To cook food quickly in a pan with a little oil while stirring.
Example: “I stir-fry vegetables and tofu for dinner.”

 

FLAVORS AND TEXTURES

Bitter: A strong, sharp taste, like coffee or dark chocolate.
Example: “Black coffee tastes bitter.”

Sour: A sharp taste, like lemon or vinegar.
Example: “Lemons are sour.”

Creamy: Smooth and soft, like cream or yogurt.
Example: “The soup is creamy and delicious.”

Crunchy: Makes a noise when you eat it, like chips or carrots.
Example: “The chips are crunchy.”

Chewy: Needs a lot of chewing, like gum or caramel.
Example: “The bread is chewy.”

Soft: Easy to cut or chew, like bread or bananas.
Example: “The cake is soft and fluffy.”

Crispy: Hard and dry on the outside, like fried chicken or toast.
Example: “The fries are crispy.”

Greasy: Has a lot of oil or fat, like fried food.
Example: “The pizza is greasy.”

 

DIETARY PREFERENCES

Vegetarian: A person who does not eat meat.
Example: “She is vegetarian, so she eats only vegetables and grains.”

Vegan: A person who does not eat any animal products, including dairy and eggs.
Example: “He is vegan, so he doesn’t eat cheese or milk.”

Gluten-free: Food without gluten, a protein found in wheat.
Example: “I eat gluten-free bread because I have an allergy.”

Lactose-free: Food without lactose, a sugar found in milk.
Example: “I drink lactose-free milk because I can’t digest lactose.”

Spicy: Food with a hot and strong flavor.
Example: “I love spicy food like curry.”

Mild: Food with a gentle or weak flavor, not spicy.
Example: “The soup is mild and easy to eat.”

ACTIVITIES

Use your notebook to answer the activities below.

A - Match the words on the left with their correct explanations.

1. Seafood
2. Bake
3. Bitter
4. Vegetarian
5. Creamy
6. Grill
7. Gluten-free
8. Crunchy

a. To cook food in an oven using dry heat.
b. A person who does not eat meat.
c. Food from the sea, like fish and shrimp.
d. Smooth and soft, like cream or yogurt.
e. A strong, sharp taste, like coffee.
f. Makes a noise when you eat it, like chips.
g. To cook food on a metal frame over fire.
h. Food without gluten, a protein found in wheat.

 

B - Complete the sentences with the correct word from the vocabulary list.

1. I love eating __________ like salmon and shrimp.
2. She is __________, so she doesn’t eat meat.
3. The soup is __________ and delicious.
4. We __________ burgers in the summer.
5. Black coffee tastes __________.
6. The fries are __________ and golden.
7. I eat __________ bread because I have an allergy.
8. The chips are __________ and make a loud noise when I eat them.

 

C - Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false sentences.

1. “Boil” means to cook food in hot oil.
2. “Vegan” means a person who does not eat any animal products.
3. “Chewy” means easy to cut or chew.
4. “Spicy” food has a hot and strong flavor.
5. “Roast” means to cook food quickly in a pan.
6. “Legumes” are plants with seeds in pods, like beans.

 

D - Write 4 sentences using the vocabulary words. Include:

• 1 sentence about a type of food.
• 1 sentence about a cooking method.
• 1 sentence about a flavor or texture.
• 1 sentence about a dietary preference.

 

ANSWERS

A -

1. c – Seafood: Food from the sea, like fish and shrimp.
2. a – Bake: To cook food in an oven using dry heat.
3. e – Bitter: A strong, sharp taste, like coffee.
4. b – Vegetarian: A person who does not eat meat.
5. d – Creamy: Smooth and soft, like cream or yogurt.
6. g – Grill: To cook food on a metal frame over fire.
7. h – Gluten-free: Food without gluten, a protein found in wheat.
8. f – Crunchy: Makes a noise when you eat it, like chips.

 

B -

1. I love eating seafood like salmon and shrimp.
2. She is vegetarian, so she doesn’t eat meat.
3. The soup is creamy and delicious.
4. We grill burgers in the summer.
5. Black coffee tastes bitter.
6. The fries are crispy and golden.
7. I eat gluten-free bread because I have an allergy.
8. The chips are crunchy and make a loud noise when I eat them.

 

C -

1. F – “Boil” means to cook food in very hot water.
2. T – Correct.
3. F – “Chewy” means it needs a lot of chewing, like gum or caramel.
4. T – Correct.
5. F – “Roast” means to cook food in an oven or over a fire for a long time.
6. T – Correct.

 

D - Example Answers:

Type of Food: I eat grains like rice and bread every day.

Cooking Method: My mom fries eggs for breakfast.

Flavor/Texture: The cake is soft and fluffy.

Dietary Preference: He is vegan, so he doesn’t eat cheese or milk.